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LLMO (Large Language Model Optimization)

Also spelt large language model optimisation. Not the same thing as LLMOps.

LH
Lawrence Hitches
17 September 2026 2 min read

Definition

LLMO (large language model optimization) is the practice of improving how large language models such as ChatGPT, Claude and Gemini describe and cite your brand. No official body defines it, and it is generally used as another name for GEO and AI SEO.

Is LLMO the same as LLMOps?

LLMO is not the same as LLMOps, although both show up when you search for the acronym. LLMOps is an engineering term for running language models in production: deploying, monitoring and updating them. LLMO is a marketing term about how those models talk about you.

How does LLMO work?

LLMO works through two routes into an AI answer: what the model learned in training, and what it fetches live. The levers are different for each, so the first job is working out which route produced the answer you are looking at.

Two routes into an AI answer LLMO work is different on each route, so work out which one the answer came from first. 1. Training data What the model learned before release Slow: changes when a new model ships 2. Live retrieval Pages fetched when the question is asked Fast: changes as the web changes The AI answer Route 1 levers Being widely and consistently described across the web. Training bots: GPTBot, ClaudeBot Route 2 levers Classic SEO, crawl access and clear answers on the page. Search bots: OAI-SearchBot and others
A model that cites a link is using route 2. A model that answers with no source is usually drawing on route 1.

The live route is where most of the practical work sits, because it responds to changes you make now. It depends on the search bots being allowed to fetch your pages and on those pages answering clearly. The training route moves slowly and rewards being described the same way in many places.

What do people get wrong about LLMO?

  • Blocking every AI bot at once. Training bots and search bots are separate, so a blanket block can remove you from live answers you wanted to appear in.
  • Treating it as separate from SEO. The live route runs on search, so the SEO fundamentals still decide what gets fetched.

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